Experimental study of vertical and batter pile groups in saturated sand using a centrifuge shaking table

To study the dynamic response of vertical and batter pile groups in saturated sand, dynamic tests of these pile groups in saturated sand were carried out using the ZJU400 geotechnical centrifuge at Zhejiang University. The following results were obtained. (1) As the motion intensity increased, the peak acceleration in soil layers at different depths significantly decreased, indicating that the soil stiffness was significantly reduced. (2) During the motion process, the instantaneous bending moment of the vertical and batter pile groups at different depths changed continuously, which had a strong relationship with the saturated sand liquefaction. In the process of sand liquefaction, the residual bending moment generated by the batter pile was more obvious than that of the vertical pile. (3) With the liquefaction of the saturated sand, the distribution of the maximum bending moment of the vertical pile group changed, and the bending moment near the pile cap of the vertical and batter pile groups was always large. (4) In certain cases, the horizontal acceleration and dynamic displacement of the vertical pile cap were amplified. When the motion intensity was large, residual displacement of the batter pile cap occurred.