Port multi-service congestion

Port multi-service congestion occurs when port users of two or more different services(i.e., multi-services) provided at the same port node or over the same port link interfere with one another to the extent that they experience service congestion at the shared node or over the shared link. Container port nodes shared in the provision of port multi-services include, for example, the berth and yard. Container port links shared in the provision of port multi-services include, for example, the yard-to-departure-gate link, entrance-gate to-yard link, berth-to-yard link and yard-to-berth link. If port multi-service congestion exists at a port node (or over a port link), then port multi-service congestion can be propagated to other port nodes and links in the port as long as there is a connecting path. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.