Application of the dynamic gastrointestinal simulator (simgi®) to assess the impact of probiotic supplementation in the metabolism of grape polyphenols

In this paper, the Dynamic Gastrointestinal Simulator (simgi (R)) is used as a model to the study the metabolic activity of probiotics at the intestinal level, and in particular, to assess the impact of probiotic supplementation in the microbial metabolism of grape polyphenols. Two independent simulations using fecal samples from two healthy volunteers were carried out. Changes in microbiota composition and in metabolic activity were assessed by qPCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing and by analyses of phenolic metabolites and ammonium ions (NH4+). The strain Lactobacillus plantarum CLC 17 was successfully implanted in the colon compartments of the simgi (R) after daily feeding of 2 x 10(10) CFU/day for 7 days. Overall, no changes in bacterial diversity were observed after probiotic implantation. In comparison to the digestion of the grape polyphenols on their own, the inclusion of L. plantarum CLC 17 in the simgi (R) colon compartments led to a greater formation of phenolic metabolites such as benzoic acids, probably by the breakdown of high-molecular-weight procyanidin polymers. These results provide evidence that the probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum CLC 17 may improve the metabolism of dietary polyphenols when used as a food ingredient.