Membrane separation processes for clean production

Clean production can be considered as a strategic element in manufacturing technology for present and future products in the chemical industry. Demand is focussed on the development of cost-effective technologies, the optimization of processes including separation steps, alternative processes for the reduction of waste, optimization of the use of resources and improvements in production efficiency. In many cases an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional separation processes could be membrane separation. Membrane separation techniques are suitable for mixtures of liquids, gases and vapors. Some examples of successful applications in the areas of waste water treatment and vapor recovery are given. Demands, advantages and problems of separation with membranes are also discussed.