Conceptualisation of Organisational Ethics: A Multi-Level Meso Approach

The purpose of this article was firstly to conceptualise Organisational Ethics (OE) in terms of its multi-dimensionality, adopting the General Systems Theory (GST), Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) and the micro-mesomacro framework as foundation. The dimensionality of OE was assessed through the validation of an OE measurement model which was based on the Organisational Ethics Indicator (0EI1) a section of the African Business Ethics Survey. The multi-dimensionality of OE was statistically explored and confirmed through a multi-factorial model, that yielded a reliable and valid five-factor solution. The five components were interpreted in accordance of their respective hierarchical level within the micro-meso-macro framework. The macro components were labelled ethical organisational climate and ethical inclination of the organisation; the meso components were labelled ethical leadership and decision-making as well as politics, policies and procedures, while the micro component was ethical work values and attitudes of employees. The interrelatedness and mutual dependencies of these components of OE were determined and explained through the social learning and social exchange theories. The contribution of this study lies in a validated conceptualisation and measurement model of OE, to be used by business leaders and ethics practitioners to enhance ethical conduct in organisations.