Simulations of three-dimensional flow and augmented heat transfer in a symmetrically grooved channel

Navier-Stokes simulations of three-dimensional flow and augmented convection in a channel with symmetric, transverse grooves on two opposite walls were performed for 180 less than or equal to Re less than or equal to 1600 using the spectral element technique. A series of flow transitions was observed as the Reynolds number was increased from steady two-dimensional flow, to traveling two and three-dimensional wave structures, and finally to three-dimensional mixing. Three-dimensional simulations exhibited good agreement with local and spatially averaged Nusselt number and friction factor measurements over the range 800 less than or equal to Re less than or equal to 1600.