Anatomical Characteristics of the Anterior Jugular Vein and Its Clinical Relevance

Introduction: The anterior jugular vein (AJV) is part of the superficial venous drainage system of the head and neck. Recently, interest in AJV is increasing as various surgical procedures have been developed. The authors conducted a cadaveric study to determine characteristics of AJV in Koreans. Methods: A total of 44 cadavers were dissected. Anatomical characteristics were analyzed for 34 cadavers in which AJV was well observed. Results: In this study, 21 were males and 13 were females. There were 8 cadavers with only 1 AJV from both sides. There was no significant difference in anatomical characteristics according to gender or AJV variation except for a difference in the length of the neck according to gender. However, it was possible to find a safety zone at the main landmark of the neck that could avoid AJV damage. Conclusions: By using this safety zone, it is possible to prevent damage to the AJV and reduce complications during various surgical procedures on the head and neck.