Impact of Improved Vegetable Farming Technology on Farmers' Livelihoods: Selected Vegetable Crops in Thailand

In Thailand, the area under vegetable production is increasing. The use of modern technology is a common feature of commercial vegetable production. Among other modern inputs, the cultivation of hybrid varieties has increased substantially. This paper discusses smallholder farmers' decision to adopt selected hybrid varieties of cucumber, chilli pepper and sweet corn, and the impact of that decision on the farmers' livelihood. The information comes from focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews conducted in five locations in Central and North-Eastern Thailand. Results show a positive net improvement in income per hectare after the adoption of the selected hybrid varieties. These crops provided employment opportunities for farmers and were a very important supplementary source of income for poor farmers. Farmers preferred hybrid varieties due to their high production potential and superior characteristics. The location specific factors such as availability of water and good transport were also crucial. While market demand and product price played an important role, local agents provided the necessary inputs including credit and thus played an important role in facilitating adoption. Although local agents provide essential services, it is necessary to facilitate and monitor their activities through effective public-private partnerships so that farmers can maximize the benefit from the adoption of appropriate varieties.