High impedance voltage- and current-mode multifunction filters

This paper presents a voltage- and current-mode multifunction filters based on and employing two four-terminal floating nullors (FTFNs) and a single operation transconductance amplifier (OTA). The high-input impedance voltage-mode configuration can simultaneously realize lowpass (LP), bandpass (BP) and notch filtering functions from the same configuration. The circuit employs two grounded capacitors which suits contemporary IC design techniques. The resonance frequency coo and bandwidth omega(0)/Q can be independently tuned while as resonance frequency omega(0) and quality factor Q are orthogonally controllable. The current-mode configuration can simultaneously realize LP and highpass (HP) from which notch filtering signal can also be obtained. The input impedance of the circuit is very low while the output currents are available at very high impedances. The resonance frequency coo and bandwidth omega(0)/Q can be orthogonally tuned. The high impedance of both the topologies in the two modes facilitates easy cascading for higher-order filter construction. Passive sensitivity figures are low. PSPICE simulation results are also included. (c) 2004 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.