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Regression-Based Normative Data for Independent and Cognitively Active Spanish Older Adults: Digit Span, Letters and Numbers, Trail Making Test and Symbol Digit Modalities Test
被引:10
|作者:
Inesta, Clara
[1
]
Oltra-Cucarella, Javier
[1
,2
]
Bonete-Lopez, Beatriz
[1
,2
]
Calderon-Rubio, Eva
[1
]
Sitges-Macia, Esther
[1
,2
]
机构:
[1] Univ Miguel Hernandez Elche, SABIEX, Av Univ, Elche 03207, Spain
[2] Miguel Hernandez Univ Elche, Dept Hlth Psychol, Elche 03202, Spain
关键词:
cognitively active;
cognitive impairment;
neuropsychological assessment;
normative data;
older adults;
MINI-MENTAL-STATE;
ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE;
AGE;
IMPAIRMENT;
DEMENTIA;
DECLINE;
EDUCATION;
SAMPLE;
LIFE;
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY;
D O I:
10.3390/ijerph18199958
中图分类号:
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号:
08 ;
0830 ;
摘要:
In this work, we developed normative data for the neuropsychological assessment of independent and cognitively active Spanish older adults over 55 years of age. Method: Regression-based normative data were calculated from a sample of 103 non-depressed independent community-dwelling adults aged 55 or older (67% women). Raw data for Digit Span (DS), Letters and Numbers (LN), the Trail Making Test (TMT), and the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) were regressed on age, sex, and education. The model predicting TMT-B scores also included TMT-A scores. Z-scores for the discrepancy between observed and predicted scores were used to identify low scores. The base rate of low scores for SABIEX normative data was compared to the base rate of low scores using published normative data obtained from the general population. Results: The effects of age, sex, and education varied across neuropsychological measures. Although the proportion of low scores was similar between normative datasets, there was no agreement in the identification of cognitively impaired individuals. Conclusions: Normative data obtained from the general population might not be sensitive to identify low scores in cognitively active older adults, incorrectly classifying them as cognitively normal compared to the less-active population. We provide a friendly calculator for use in neuropsychological assessment in cognitively active Spanish people aged 55 or older.
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页数:18
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