Bandwidth and Gain Enhancement of Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna (RMPA) Using Slotted Array Technique

An inherent disadvantage of a Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA) is its narrow bandwidth and low gain. There are various techniques in the market that either enhances gain or bandwidth of the MPA. The proposed system uses a novel technique which proves to enhance both the bandwidth, as well as the gain up to a great extent, simultaneously. We have tried to overcome these limitations by inserting slots in the proposed Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna (RMPA), also known as the slotted array technique. The proposed antenna has been designed for an operating frequency of 9 GHz which lies in the X-band of an electromagnetic system. It has been simulated over an RT Roger/duroid 5880 material that has a dielectric constant of 2.2, using HFSS software. It was observed that the RMPA has a bandwidth of 425.2 MHz, whereas, a bandwidth of 920 MHz has been achieved for slotted RMPA, that means 494.8 MHz of bandwidth enhancement. In addition to this, a gain of 6.92 dB has been achieved for RMPA, whereas, by introducing slots, the gain becomes 19.88 dB, i.e., an enhanced value of 12.96 dB has been achieved. This antenna can be used in various wireless applications such as: Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and wireless LAN, and satellite and radar communication.