Non-minimally coupled vector boson dark matter

We consider a simple abelian vector dark matter (DM) model, where only the DM ((X) over tildee mu) couples non-minimally to the scalar curvature ( Re) of the background spacetime via an operator of the form " (X) over tilde(X) over tilde mu (X) over tilde mu (R) over tilde. By considering the standard freeze-out scenario, we show, it is possible to probe such a non-minimally coupled DM in direct detection experiments for a coupling strength xi similar to O (1030) and DM mass m(X) <= 55 TeV, satisfying Planck observed relic abundance and perturbative unitarity. We also discuss DM production via freeze-in, governed by the non-minimal coupling, that requires xi <= 10(-5) to produce the observed DM abundance over a large range of DM mass depending on the choice of the reheating temperature. We further show, even in the absence of the non-minimal coupling, it is possible to produce the whole observed DM abundance via 2-to-2 scattering of the bath particles mediated by massless gravitons.