Ovarian hyperstimulation secondary to ectopic secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone. Literature review prompted by a case

Objective: To present an exceptional clinical case of functional follicle-stimulating gonadotropin secretion by a thorax neuroendocrine carcinoid tumor. Design: Case report. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cruces University Hospital, Vizcaya, Spain. Patient(s): A 26-year-old woman with ovarian hyperstimulation. Intervention(s): Diagnosis algorithm. Main Outcome Measure(s): Successful management of ovarian hyperstimulation. Result(s): A26-year-old woman seen with abdominal pain and swelling had bilateral multicystic ovaries. The diagnosis algorithm revealed the presence of ovarian hyperstimulation but with no due etiology. On the basis of the persistence of high levels of FSH a computed tomographic scan was taken looking for an FSH-producing neuroendocrine tumor. Conclusion(s): In idiopathic ovarian hyperstimulation secondary to supraphysiologic secretion of FSH, the presence of an FSH-producing neuroendocrine tumor should be considered. As far as we know, there are no similar cases with a confirmed diagnosis published in the literature. (Fertil Steril (R) 2009;92:1168.e5-e8. (C)2009 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.)