Oxidative dehydrogenation of C4 raffinate-3 to 1,3-butadiene in a dual-bed reaction system comprising ZnFe2O4 and Co9Fe3Bi1Mo12O51 catalysts:: A synergistic effect of ZnFe2O4 and Co9Fe3Bi1Mo12O51 catalysts

Oxidative dehydrogenation of C(4) raffinate-3 to 1,3-butadiene was carried out in a dual-bed reaction system comprising ZnFe(2)O(4) and Co(9)Fe(3)Bi(1)Mo(12)O(51) catalysts in order to investigate a synergistic effect of these two catalysts. Conversion of n-butene and yield for 1,3-butiadene obtained in a dual-bed reaction system comprising ZnFe(2)O(4) (first-bed) and Co(9)Fe(3)Bi(1)Mo(12)O(51) (second-bed) were higher than those obtained in a single-bed reaction system using either ZnFe(2)O(4) or Co(9)Fe(3)Bi(1)Mo(12)O(51). 1-Butene-TPD and 2-butene-TPD measurements revealed that ZnFe(2)O(4) catalyst retained more selective oxygen species for the reaction with 2-butene than for the reaction with 1-butene, while Co(9)Fe(3)Bi(1)Mo(12)O(51) catalyst retained more selective oxygen species for the reaction with 1-butene than for the reaction with 2-butene. The synergistic effect of ZnFe(2)O(4) (first-bed) and Co(9)Fe(3)Bi(1)Mo(12)O(51) (second-bed) catalysts in the oxidative dehydrogenation of C(4) raffinate-3 was attributed to the combination of high catalytic activity of ZnFe(2)O(4) for 2-butene and high catalytic activity of Co(9)Fe(3)Bi(1)Mo(12)O(51) for 1-butene.