A New Development in Latin America? Implications in the Public Policies, State and Administration

As consequence of the radical transformations in the world economic structure, Latin America is crossing a scarcely imaginable situation vis-a-vis the moments of the financial, economic and social crises of the beginning of the millennium. Eight years of economic and industrial growth, reduction of the national debts, increase of the employment and decrease of the poverty allow putting the "development issue" as a central core of the public agendas and of the public policy and administration studies. The paper postulates the need to recover of, in a renewed way, the development, modernization and dependence theories, which constituted the axis of the thought and the political and governmental action in Latin America from 1950 to 1975. It presents a political and social approach of the notion of "development" and analyzes the new dimensions that must be considered in a renew conception of it. Then, the need of a new pattern of public policies for the Latin American development is discussed. This work suggests a triad based on universal policies for human development, the construction of national innovation systems and the consolidation of decentralized systems of fiscal and macroeconomic responsibility. The document put again the question of the "public administration for development". It discusses the need to replace the in force organization through programs and projects that takes place in the most of the Latin American public administrations. And, the paper proposes the building of a new and complex functional and divisional public organization that could take charge of the new agenda and public policies. Likewise, the article explains the importance of the reconstitution of the national systems of planning to support the national strategies for development. Finally, it insists on the institutionalization of the public civil service, particularly on the high bureaucracy.