Association of Paraoxonase 1 Gene Polymorphisms and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Introduction: The goal of this study was to review relevant case-control trials in order to determine the association of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene polymorphisms (-108C/T, 55L/M, 192Q/R) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) susceptibility. Methods: Using appropriate keywords, we identified relevant studies using PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, CNKI, VANFUN, and VIP. Key pertinent sources in the literature were also reviewed, and all articles published through April 2019 were considered for inclusion. Based on the qualified studies, we performed a meta-analysis of associations between -108C/T, 55L/M and 192Q/R polymorphisms in PON1 and risk of PCOS. Results: We included 13 case-control studies with 3,660 total patients in the PCOS group and 2,835 in the control group. These studies found that the population with -108C/T locus T were associated with lower PCOS susceptibility by heterozygote model (OR 0.442, 95% CI 0.259-0.754); the Caucasian population with -108C/T locus T were associated with higher PCOS susceptibility by regressive model (OR 2.087, 95% CI 1.242-3.504). The population with 55L/M locus M were associated with higher PCOS susceptibility by regressive model (OR 1.518, 95% CI 1.067-2.160); the Asian population with 55L/M locus M were associated with lower PCOS susceptibility by dominant model and heterozygote model. The population with 192Q/R locus R were associated with higher PCOS susceptibility by the 5 gene models. The Asian population with 192Q/R locus R were associated with higher PCOS susceptibility: allelic model (OR 1.271, 95% CI 1.139-1.417); homozygote model (OR 1.575, 95% CI 1.244-1.995); dominant model (OR 1.299, 95% CI 1.069-1.580); regressive model (OR 1.421, 95% CI 1.207-1.673). The Caucasian population with 192Q/R locus R were associated with higher PCOS susceptibility: heterozygote model (OR 2.113, 95% CI 1.266-3.526). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggested that 192Q/R locus R were associated with higher PCOS susceptibility in both the Asian and Caucasian population.