The paper includes a qualitative study of the N-dimensional (N = 1, 2, 3) Lane-Emden equation, written as a two-dimensional autonomous nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations by using Milne's homological invariant variables. The discussion is made for both positive and negative polytropic indices. At the end, we survey the type of orbits that appear in phase portrait of the system for each value of N and various polytropic indices.
机构:
Univ Kairouan, Inst Super Math Appl & Informat, Kairouan, TunisiaUniv Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inst Camille Jordan, UMR CNRS 5208, 43 Blvd 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France