Machado's "raven" was Brazilian: reflections on Machado de Assis' (in)direct translation of the poem "The Raven", by Edgar Allan Poe

Machado de Assis' poetic translation is always a fruitful object for further studies. In this research, the poem of The Raven, by Edgar Allan Poe, its translation by Machado de Assis and the one by Charles Baudelaire were compared, stanza by stanza, in search of similarity or dissimilarities that allow us to verify the hypothesis that Machado had used Baudelaire's translation as a source text for the indirect translation of the poem. The analysis found support for the theories of Britto (2020) and Lefevere (1975) about poetic translation and the results allow the conclusion that, probably, both Poe's and Baudelaire's texts were used by Machado in the translation of O Corvo, a translation that was done in his own style and voice, following his personal translation project aimed at the formation of national literature.