Fault tolerance in collaborative sensor networks for target detection

Collaboration in sensor networks must be fault-tolerant due to the harsh environmental conditions in which such networks can be deployed. This paper focuses on finding algorithms for collaborative target detection that are efficient in terms of,communication cost, precision, accuracy, and number of faulty sensors tolerable in the network. Two algorithms, namely, value fusion and decision fusion, are identified first. When comparing their performance and communication overhead, decision fusion is found to become superior to value fusion as the ratio of faulty sensors to fault free sensors increases. As robust data fusion requires agreement among nodes in the network, an analysis of fully distributed and hierarchical agreement is also presented. The impact of hierarchical agreement on communication cost and system failure probability is evaluated and a method for determining the number of tolerable faults is identified.