Transactive Control Design for Commercial Buildings to Provide Demand Response

Transactive control is a new type of distributed control strategy that is designed to engage various self-interested distributed energy resources such as controllable loads, distributed generators, and energy storage for providing demand response. In this paper, a novel transactive control design is proposed for commercial buildings to coordinate the electricity demand of the package rooftop air conditioning units (RTUs) for demand response. Such a control is realized by introducing a local relationship between the temperature setpoint and the market clearing price. With the proposed market-based control, the demand of individual RTUs is adjusted by changing their temperature setpoints in response to the market clearing price. Two different scenarios of demand response are considered herein. One is to limit the peak demand of commercial buildings, in which a new market clearing strategy based on proportional-integral-derivative control with respect to the demand limit is proposed. The other one is to perform price responsive control, in which the total demand of commercial buildings responds to the real-time pricing. The proposed transactive strategy is also tested and demonstrated on a real occupied building located in the eastern Washington State, U.S. The field testing results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed transactive control for commercial building with RTUs to provide demand response. (C) 2019, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.