Sustainability in Saudi vernacular built environment: The case of Al-Ahsa

Without knowing its comprehensive meaning, sustainability has been one of the most fundamental and important features of Saudi vernacular built forms. Traditional Saudi builders have developed different techniques that promote sustainability such as the sensitive selection of sites, integrated distribution of uses, adaptation to hot climate and utilizing renewable building materials; socio-cultural believes and economic situations are further dimensions of sustainable development that have not been overlooked. The present paper attempts to portray sustainability inherited in the vernacular built forms of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia with special concern to Al-Ahsa. The paper provides an insight on criteria and design issues associated with the sustainability of Al-Ahsa vernacular architecture. Design criteria and considerations for sustainable performance are illustrated and concluded to identify guidelines for effective and environmentally friendly contemporary designs. Vernacular design principles are of great benefit to current professionals to achieve designs that fulfil both local identity and sustainability.