In the last half century, the ecological imbalance has accelerated, as a consequence of the emergence of new industrial powers at a global level, among these new business protagonists are China and India. The article analyzes how Peru has experienced macroeconomic growth with some ups and downs since the end of the last century, which generated an increase in vehicles and other goods, causing an increase in the consumption of fossil fuels, of up to 20 points, in relation to the accumulated increase of 56 CO2 emission points, this consumption is made up of the remains of plants, animals and microorganisms found in great depths, in oil and natural gas deposits, among others; This is how CO2, a greenhouse gas, has grown by 74% (2008-2018). It is under these conditions that this research has been developed, in order to determine the hypothesis: energy consumption IS significantly related to CO2 emissions in Peru, a developing country, considering that Peru it is not an industrially developed country; and, consequently, its secondary sector is small. Peru, like other countries, has problems with CO2 emissions, because its energy source is basically fossil.