Micro-motion parameter extraction of rotating target based on vortex electromagnetic wave radar

The vortex electromagnetic (EM) wave radar has the potential to obtain more accurate micro-motion parameters for target recognition. However, with the existing algorithms of micro-motion parameter extraction it is difficult to obtain the real rotation radius and tilt angle of a rotational target in the presence of multiple scattering points in the radar beam. A micro-motion parameter extraction algorithm for rotating targets based on the vortex EM wave radar is proposed in this article. The angular Doppler is obtained from the dual-mode vortex EM echoes. The time interval between the maximum and minimum angular Doppler frequency is derived. The relationship between the time interval and micro-motion parameters is shown. By combining the linear Doppler and the angular Doppler, the micro-motion parameters are roughly estimated. Then, fine micro-motion parameters are obtained by using an iterative soft threshold algorithm. The proposed algorithm can extract the real rotation radius and tilt angle in the case of multiple scattering points. The performance and robustness of the algorithm are proved by simulations.