The reciprocal uniaxial bianisotropic medium, which can be fabricated by polymer synthesis techniques, is a generalization of the well-studied chiral medium. It has potential applications in the design of antireflection coating, antenna radomes, and interesting microwave components. In the present investigation, based on the concept of spectral eigenwaves, eigenfunction expansion of the Green dyadics in this class of materials is formulated in terms of cylindrical vector wave functions. The formulations are greatly simplified by analytically evaluating the integrals with respect to the spectral longitudinal and radial wave numbers, respectively. The analysis indicates that the solutions of the source-incorporated Maxwell's equations for a homogeneous reciprocal uniaxial bianisotropic medium are composed of two eigenwaves traveling with different wave numbers, and each of these eigenwaves is a superposition of two transverse waves and a longitudinal wave. The Green dyadics of planarly and cylindrically multilayered structures consisting of the reciprocal uniaxial bianisotropic media can be straightforwardly obtained by applying the method of scattering superposition and appropriate electromagnetic boundary conditions, respectively. The resulting formulations, which can be theoretically verified by comparing their special forms with existing results, provide a fundamental basis to analyze and understand the physical phenomena of unbounded and multilayered reciprocal uniaxial bianisotropic media. The method employed here can be generalized to derive the eigenfunction expansion of Green dyadics in other kinds of media.