Refinement of the NMR structures of α-conotoxin MI using molecular dynamics simulation with explicit solvent water and a full molecular force field

Three NMR structures of alpha -conotoxin MI, a potent antagonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, have been refined using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation with explicit water. Although the convergence of the NMR structures of alpha -conotoxin XII was not sufficient to provide detailed structural features, the average structures obtained from MD simulations converged to one conformation, providing structural characteristics. The resulting structure was also found to be consistent with the results of amide proton-exchange experiments. These results demonstrate that MD simulation with explicit solvent water is very useful in refining NMR structures.