A Systematic Approach for Scheduling IoT Devices for Effective Load Balancing Based on Deep Sleep

The Internet of things (IoT), with its latest technologies, is one of the most trending areas in computer science and engineering. Many IoT applications require only a few bits to be sent to the cloud per iteration. Though there are load balancing and scheduling mechanisms available, every solution requires one or more centralized or edge devices to handle each request. The purpose of this study is to set up an independent device that can directly interact with relevant broker or server nodes in a scheduled manner after the initial communication with the server. This will reduce the server idle time, making the system get the maximum benefits from minimal resources. To achieve that, an algorithm is proposed to issue timestamps for devices of the IoT system without overlapping, where the timestamp is relative to each device but global to all devices. The time amount of 0.00106 seconds can be considered as the minimal time span with effective scheduling due to network communication delay. The proposed architecture and the algorithm can be efficiently applied for all IoT devices where "deep sleep" mode is used for energy saving. Also, it is possible to obtain a considerable increase in terms of optimization (2(n)) compared with the random deep sleep mode.