TOPOLOGIES OF FATHERHOOD, FATHERLAND AND WAR IN JOSE MARTI'S EARLY POETRY OF EXILE

Taking into account the concept of "topologies of Being" with which Puerto Rican philosopher Nelson Maldonado-Torres reflects upon the role of spatiality in the articulation of colonial subjects, I analyze the place that ideas such as fatherhood; fatherland and war occupy in Jose Marti's poetic configuration of his lyric subjectivity in the early poetry of exile of Ismaelillo (1882). Additionally, I follow the analysis of Cuban critic Cintio Vizier on the value of some tropes in Marti's poetry in order to propose that the hostile historic atmosphere which the lyric "I" seeks to ethically control through the bifurcation of a single metaphor into opposite ethical meanings. This procedure, which I call antithetical trope, anticipates later ethic and poetic divisions inspired by what critic Julio Ramos defines as an "auratic concept of culture" and as I suggest, by the type of modem anguish Sigmund Freud would describe in 1919 as "the uncanny".