As the extensive application of clay minerals used in dye wastewater adsorption, a modified bentonites was synthesized from bentonite by exchanging with an anion surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfonate, SDS), and the adsorption of modified bentonite on the nethylene blue wastewater was studied. The influences of the pH value, temperature, time and dosage on the discoloring rate of methylene blue from wastewater was researched. The results showed that the discoloring rate of methylene blue was enhanced after modification, and organically modified bentonite on the adsorption of methylene blue was in accordanced with the isothermal adsorption equations of Langmuir, and the adsorption capacity was 142.85mg/g. The discoloring ratio of methylene blue by modified bentonite can reach on 99.96% under following conditions: pH value was 4, the adsorption time was 30min, dosage of modified bentonite was 0.2g, and temperature was 20 similar to 40 degrees C.