Key Replacement Attack on Two Certificateless Signature Schemes without Random Oracles

Liu et al. proposed the first certificateless signature scheme without random oracles in 2007. However, Xiong et al. showed that Liu et al.'s scheme is insecure against a malicious-but-passive KGC attack and proposed an improved scheme. In ISA 2009, Yuan et al. also proposed a new certificateless signature scheme without random oracles. Although they claimed that the two schemes are secure in the standard model, this paper shows that both Xiong et al.'s improved scheme and Yuan et al.'s new scheme are vulnerable to key replacement attack, where an adversary, obtaining a signature on a message and replacing the public key of a signer, can forge valid signatures on the same message under the replaced public key. We also give the corresponding modifications of the two schemes to resist key replacement attack.