Quantitative determination of the loop diuretic bumetanide in urine and pharmaceuticals by high performance liquid chromatography with amperometric detection

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method with amperometric detection has been developed for the determination of the diuretic bumetanide using a μBondapak C18 column. The mobile phase consists of a 50:50 acetonitrile-water mixture containing 5mM KH2PO4-K2HPO4 (pH 4.0). The compound is monitored at +1350 mV with an amperometric detector equipped with a glassy carbon working electrode. A liquid-liquid or solid-liquid extraction is done prior to chromatographic analysis in order to avoid the interferences found in the urine matrix. The percentages of recovery obtained are 71% ± 1% for liquid-liquid extraction and 84.2% ± 0.7% for solid-liquid extraction. The method developed has a linear concentration range from 50 to 499 nh/Ml with a reproducibility in terms of relative standard deviation of 1.73% and 3.85% for a concentration level of 70 nh/mL and 237 nh/mL, respectively, and a detection limit of 0.25 nh/mL (3:1 signal-to-noise ratio). The method is applied to the determination of bumetanide in pharmaceutical formulations and urine obtained from hypertensive patients and healthy volunteers after the ingestion of a therapeutic dose of Fordiuran (1 mg bumetanide).