Serum parathyroid hormone concentrations are increased in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Background: The present study was designed to investigate the effects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and of obesity on serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-vitamin D), and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)(2)-vitamin D] concentrations and the possible associations of the above calciotropic hormones with the hormonal and metabolic characteristics of the syndrome. Methods: We studied 58 obese [body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m(2)] women with PCOS, 64 overweight (BMI, 25-30 kg/m(2)) women with the syndrome, 169 normalweight (BMI <25 kg/m(2)) women with PCOS, 29 obese controls (ovulatory women without clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenemia), 14 overweight controls, and 70 normal-weight controls. Blood samples were collected (at 0900 after an overnight fast) between the 3rd and 6th days of a menstrual cycle in the control groups and during a spontaneous bleeding episode in the PCOS groups. Circulating concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin (PRL), testosterone, Delta 4-androstenedione, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), insulin, glucose, PTH, 25-OH-vitamin D, and 1,25-(OH)(2)-vitamin D were measured. Results: Both PCOS and increased body weight had a significant positive effect on serum PTH values. PTH concentrations were significantly correlated with age, BMI, glucose, PRL, SHBG, and testosterone. Only the correlations with testosterone and PRL were BMI-independent. The effect of PCOS on PTH concentrations remained significant after adjustment for BMI, but not after adjustment for testosterone concentration. Increased body weight also had a significant negative effect on 25-OH- and 1,25-(OH)(2)-vitamin D concentrations, but no association with the syndrome was observed. Conclusions: The results of the present study are in agreement with previous data supporting an association of increased PTH and decreased vitamin D metabolite concentrations with obesity. Moreover, the present findings indicate, for the first time, that PTH probably is also linked to PCOS-associated hyperandrogenism. (C) 2005 American Association for Clinical Chemistry.