Research on dual-use technology and dual-use policies in national innovation system

Dual-use technology transfer plays a great role to implement the strategy of military-civilian integration in China. Yet, many transfer attempts are unsuccessful, with failures attributed to many differences between military and civil system. The purpose of this paper is to discuss dual-use technology transfer faced by defense companies for a better understanding of the difficulties associated with transfer efforts. Fist we give the definition and model of dual-use technology transfer, then the difference between military markets and civilian markets is analyzed in detail, also a specific conceptual framework for analyzing the transfer dilemma is suggested. Such a framework may help defense companies during the decision-making process while considering transitions into civilian markets and serve as a basis for additional research on the defense transfer dilemma. Finally three different specific strategies and a dual-use policy system are discussed in this paper. We conclude that successful dual-use transfer depend on both company strategy and dual policies of the government.