Validation of Forecast Cloud Parameters from Multispectral AIRS Radiances

被引:13
|
作者
Garand, Louis [1 ]
Pancrati, Ovidiu [2 ]
Heilliette, Sylvain [1 ]
机构
[1] Environm Canada, Dorval, PQ H9P 1J3, Canada
[2] Natl Opt Inst, Quebec City, PQ, Canada
关键词
model validation; cloud height; AIRS; simulated radiances; INFRARED RADIANCES; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; MODEL; ASSIMILATION; SIMULATION; MODIS; RETRIEVAL; SYSTEM;
D O I
10.1080/07055900.2011.567379
中图分类号
P4 [大气科学(气象学)];
学科分类号
0706 ; 070601 ;
摘要
The well-known CO2 slicing technique which provides retrievals of cloud parameters (effective height and amount) is adapted in light of model validation using multispectral infrared sounders. The technique is applied to both real Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) radiances and to corresponding radiances simulated from global 6 h and 12 h forecasts for the 31 days of July 2008. The forecast model is the one used operationally at the Canadian Meteorological Centre. Radiances are simulated from the Radiative Transfer for the Television and Infrared Observation Satellite (TIROS) Operational Vertical Sounder (RTTOV) model. When compared to model output of cloud parameters, simulated retrievals help us understand systematic biases linked to the retrieval technique. Systematic errors of interest, attributed to forecast cloud parameters, are then more clearly assessed from real retrievals. This is the central idea of this paper. The proposed definition of model cloud top, based on cloud transmittance, corresponds well to the height derived from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) instrument. These lidar-derived cloud heights, in turn, confirm the nature of the biases produced by the CO2 slicing technique (e.g., a negative bias increasing with height to about 2km (approximately 50 hPa) for the highest clouds at 16km (approximately 100 hPa)). Results suggest that the model has a tendency to produce an excess of low-level clouds below 2km, compensated for by a deficit from 3 to 6km. No significant differences are found between 6h and 12h forecast monthly fields, an indication that the model has sufficiently spun-up after a few hours. Retrieved global monthly cloud parameter fields are compared to independently derived products available from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) and AIRS standard processing. Significant differences are noted, linked to the different retrieval approaches, input data and resolution. This is further evidence that, for validation purposes, definitions of observed and model parameters must be consistent. Resume [Traduit par la redaction] Nous adaptons la technique bien connuede la stratification radiative des canaux CO2 (technique oCO2-slicingo), qui fournit des extractions de parametres nuageux (hauteur et couvert nuageux effectifs), pour la validation de modeles a l'aide de sondeurs infrarouges multispectraux. La technique est appliquee a la fois aux radiances reelles du sondeur infrarouge de l'atmosphere (AIRS) et aux radiances simulees correspondantes des previsions globales de 6h et de 12h pour les 31 jours de juillet 2008. Le modele de prevision utilise est le modele operationnel du Centre meteorologique canadien. Les radiances sont simulees a l'aide du modele RTTOV (transfert radiatif pour le sondeur vertical operationnel du satellite TIROS satellite d'observation par television et en infrarouge). Lorsqu'on les compare aux parametres de nuages de la sortie du modele, les extractions simulees nous aident a comprendre les biais systematiques inherents a la technique d'extraction. Les erreurs systematiques d'interet, attribuees aux parametres de nuages des previsions, sont alors evaluees plus clairement a partir des extractions reelles. C'est la l'idee maitresse de cet article. La definition proposee du sommet des nuages du modele, basee sur la transmittance des nuages, correspond bien a la hauteur derivee de l'instrument CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation). Ces hauteurs de nuages derivees du lidar confirment, a lur tour, la nature des biais produits par la technique de la stratification radiative (p.ex., un biais negatif augmentant avec la hauteur jusqu'a environ 2km approximativement 50hPa pour les nuages les plus hauts a 16km approximativement 100hPa ). Les resultats semblent indiquer que le modele a tendance a produire un surplus de nuages bas en dessous de 2km, compense par un deficit de nuages entre 3 et 6km. Aucune difference appreciable n'est observee entre les champs mensuels des previsions de 6h et de 12h, ce qui semble indiquer qu'une periode de demarrage de quelques heures pour le modele est suffisante. Nous comparons les champs mensuels globaux des parametres de nuages extraits a des produits independamment derives fournis par le spectrometre imageur a resolution moyenne (MODIS) et le traitement courant de l'AIRS. Nous observons des differences appreciables, liees aux differentes methodes d'extraction, aux donnees en entree et a la resolution. Cela souligne en outre que, pour les besoins de la validation, les definitions des parametres observes et des parametres des modeles doivent etre coherentes.
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收藏
页码:121 / 137
页数:17
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