Lighting sources, practices and applications use of high intensity discharge (HID) lamps and fluorescent light in hazardous areas

Lighting practices and light-installations in hazardous areas differ from region to region around the world. For example, high intensity discharge (HID) sources are preferred in North America while fluorescent luminaries are used more often in IEC countries. This paper will review the different standards and risks for lighting in hazardous areas, taking into account the Division world in North America and the IEC zoning system. Revolutionary new lighting sources will be discussed as well installation and construction details for luminaries used in extreme conditions such as high and low ambient conditions and offshore installations. The authors will show lighting and engineering design practices for different classifications and ambient conditions in chemical and petrochemical plants. Also required maintenance practices for different light sources, light designs and applications will be highlighted.