Teachers' views and knowledge about reactive and proactive aggression: findings from a survey in Turkey

The purpose of this study was to explore elementary, middle, and high school teachers' views and knowledge about reactive and proactive aggresion. The sample of the study included 295 teachers (195 female and 100 male) in elementary, middle, and high schools in Izmir, Turkey. Results indicated that reactive aggression was more common than proactive aggression in all school settings. Additionally, the findings showed that a majority of the teachers perceived their levels of knowledge about both types of aggression as relatively competent. Lastly, the respondants reported that there has been a trend over time toward increased incidents of reactive and proactive aggression. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.