Implementation of multiple pagesize support in HP-UX

To reduce performance degradation from Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) misses without significant increase in TLB size, most modern processors implement TLBs that support multiple pagesizes. For example, Hewlett-Packard's PA-8000 processor allows 8 hardware pagesizes, in multiples of four, ranging from 4 Kbytes to 64 Mbytes. In implementing multiple pagesize support in HP-UX, we chose to create large pages at page-fault service time. We have a buddy system allocator that provides interfaces for allocating and freeing multiple pagesizes. We maintain the Virtual Memory (VM) data structures such as the pagetable entry, virtual page frame descriptor, and physical page frame descriptor based on the smallest pagesize, and represent a large pagesize as a collection of these base pagesize structures. In our implementation, VM operations on a large pagesize such as 16KB are carried out by looping over the 4KB-based constituent VM data structures. Our system offers significant application performance improvement when using large pagesizes.