Anthropogenic ammonia emissions in the former USSR in 1990

Ammonia emissions originate from different and widely distributed sources. The bulk of anthropogenic NH3 emissions are connected with agriculture and a smaller part with industry. The default emission factors recommended by the Economical Commission for Europe are applied to evaluate NH3 emissions from the former USSR. The following categories of agricultural activities are considered: cattle, pigs, poultry, horses, sheep, goats, fur animals, rabbits, reindeers and fertiliser application. Human and home pet metabolism as a source of NH3 is also considered. Industrial sources include combustion processes and production of fertilisers, ammonia, coke. Emissions from landfills are also considered. Uncertainties of emission values for each category of sources am estimated. Ammonia emissions are calculated separately for all former republics for the year 1990. The total emissions for Russia are spatially distributed over the territory with 1 degrees x 1 degrees resolution. The data on NH3 emissions can be used in model calculations of long-range (transboundary) transport of acidifying compounds.