XAI-Explainable artificial intelligence

Recent successes in machine learning (ML) have led to a new wave of artificial intelligence (AI) applications that offer extensive benefits to a diverse range of fields. However, many of these systems are not able to explain their autonomous decisions and actions to human users. Explanations may not be essential for certain AI applications, and some AI researchers argue that the emphasis on explanation is misplaced, too difficult to achieve, and perhaps unnecessary. However, for many critical applications in defense, medicine, finance, and law, explanations are essential for users to understand, trust, and effectively manage these new, artificially intelligent partners [see recent reviews (1-3)]. Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works