A modified method of local infiltration for endoscopic stapes surgery: how I do it

PurposeTo present a modified method of local infiltration (MMLI) for endoscopic stapes surgery to reduce surgical time, bleeding and complications.Materials and methodsThis study involved 70 patients who underwent stapes surgery for otosclerosis by endoscopic and microscopic approaches. The MMLI was applied as follows: local infiltration was performed with one hand while the other hand inserted the endoscope into the ear canal to observe vasoconstriction signs on the monitor; the single site of infiltration was located at the center of the anterior conchal cartilage. Operative time, intraoperative blood loss, preservation of anatomical structures, postoperative hearing and complications were evaluated.ResultsThe MMLI allowed for quick bleeding control and a clear and dry operative field. Operative time, intraoperative blood loss and preservation of anatomical structures were significantly reduced in the endoscopic group (P<0.00) versus the microscopic group. The scutum was removed less frequent in the endoscopic group 7.1% versus 53.6% of the microscopic group (P<0.00). The chorda tympani was preserved in all cases but it was more manipulated in the microscopic group 39.3% versus 9.5% of the endoscopic group (P<0.00). No complications were observed and the hearing outcomes were significantly better than the preoperative thresholds.ConclusionsThis is the first report on the use of a MMLI for endoscopic stapes surgery. Using this method, the surgeon performs the infiltration at one site and concurrently observes the vasoconstriction signs without the use of a microscope, frontal lamp or speculum. This method provides benefits in terms of operative time and complications.