Ukrainian Parties in the Russian Empire in the Early Twentieth Century: Soviet Historiography of the 1920s

The purpose of the article is to consider the processes and phenomena that took place in the 1920s in the Soviet historiography of the Ukrainian party movement in the Russian Empire in the early twentieth century. The methodological basis is the analysis and comparison of historiographical facts, based on the principles of objectivity and historicism. The scientific novelty lies in the attempt to reveal the influence of Bolshevik ideology and Marxist methodology on conducted in this period research of Ukrainian party and political history in the Russian Empire in the early twentieth century. Conclusions. In the 1920s, historians of Soviet Ukraine, despite the relatively small number of works on the creation and activities of Ukrainian parties in the Russian Empire in the early twentieth century, achieved significant results in the study of the topic: they gathered historical material, formulated a number of conclusions, which today has not lost its historiographical significance. Studies of Ukrainian party and political history in the Russian Empire covered only the socialist segment, represented by the Labour Ukrainian Party, Ukrainian Social Democratic Labour Party, Spilka. Other parties, in particular the Ukrainian Socialist Party, Ukrainian People's Party, were mentioned only in passing and remained out of researchers' sight. The content of the works on the history of Ukrainian social democracy was influenced by Marxist approaches, ideological and political-ideological influence of the Bolshevik government. This manifested itself in the fact that supporters of Bolshevism in Soviet historical science attributed bourgeois nationalism, petty bourgeoisity, and opportunism to Ukrainian parties in the Russian Empire. In the late 1920s, Stalin's massacre of Ukrainian historical science was accompanied by scientific, ideological, and political ostracism, accusations of nationalism and repression of scholars who sought to objectively cover the history of the Ukrainian party movement in the Russian Empire in the early twentieth century.