Different mechanisms of cis-9,trans-11-and trans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid affecting lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 cells

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown to reduce body fat mass in various experimental animals. It is valuable to identify its influence on enzymes involved in energy expenditure, apoptosis, fatty acid oxidation and lipolysis. We investigated isomer-specific effects of high dose, long treatment of CLA (75.4 mu mol/L, 8 days) on protein and gene expression of these enzymes in cultured 31341 cells. Proteomics identified significant up- or down-regulation of 52 proteins by either CIA isomer. Protein and gene expression of uncoupling protein (UCP) 1, UCP3, perilipin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) a increased whereas UCP2 reduced for both CIA isomers. And eight-day treatment of trans-10,cis-12 CIA, but not cis-9,trans-11 CIA, significantly up-regulated protein and mRNA levels of PKA (P<.05), CPT-1 and TNF-alpha (P<.01). Compared to protein expression, both isomers did not significantly influence the mRNA expression of HSL, ATGL, ACO and leptin. In conclusion, high-dose, long treatment of cis-9,trans-11 CIA did not promote apoptosis, fatty acid oxidation and lipolysis in adipocytes, but may induce an increase in energy expenditure. trans-10,cis-12 CLA exhibited greater influence on lipid metabolism, stimulated adipocyte energy expenditure, apoptosis and fatty acid oxidation, but its effect on lipolysis was not obvious. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.