In mid 9th century, the Uighurs moved westward to areas surrounding the Tian Shan Mountains. There they established the West Uighur kingdom that centered at Xizhou (Qoco) and Beiting (Besbaliq). Given the scarcity of relevant documents, the history of the West Uighur kingdom to date has largely remained a mystery. Records of its rulers can only be found in scattered ramnants. On the basis of previous research, my article aims to comprehensively survey the titles of West Uighur rulers in various historical and archaeological sources, specifically those having been unearthed since the previous century in Old Turkic and Middle Iranian languages in Turfan and other regions. Their titles are examined and verified, one by one, in light of relevant characteristics and years of reign. Using the above results, the article then attempts to re-construct a chronology of the West Uighur rulers along with an analysis of the structural features of the official titles and their subsequent changes. These titles inherited traditions of the Uighur Steppe Empire, and they included new elements and structural features as well. With Manichaean being subsequently replaced by Buddhism as the kingdom's primary religion, the significance of the titles had already undergone changes despite the existence of certain remaining Manichaean elements.
