A multidimensional analysis of teacher and students interactions and physical activity in physical education classes

The purpose of this study was to identify the status of children's physical activity levels, their energy expenditure, the curricular context of physical education classes examining teacher and student action or interaction patterns, the correlation of different behaviours with physical activity variables and sex and grade differences in physical activity. 92 students in elementary physical education classes participated in this study and were divided into equal groups of boys and girls of 9-10yrs and 11-12yrs of age. Students' behaviour during the physical education classes was analysed with ALT-PE and CSFI instruments. Students' physical activity and heart rate levels were also analysed using a CSA instrument and a heart rate monitor. The behaviour of the students and the teachers was correlated with their physical activity measures. An analysis of the students' physical activity according to their sex and grade was also conducted. The duration of the physical education class and the academic learning time were very limited. A considerable amount of time was spent for non-motor and general content activities. These behaviours were negatively correlated with physical activity. Additionally, valuable time was spent giving directions and lecturing. The overall physical activity level of the students was very low. A detailed analysis of the physical activity of boys and girls showed that the 11-12yr old boys showed more physical activity than the 9-10yr old boys. The younger boys showed more vigorous activity than girls of the younger age did. Suggestions for further research and improvements for physical education classes are discussed.