Optimization of Three-Phase Feeder Load Balancing Using Smart Meters

Power losses in distribution systems are among the most important performance indicators of electricity distribution companies' economic operations. Therefore, the distribution system should be planned adequately to ensure working within permissible limits. Suppose that the actual losses are higher than the standard ones; the companies are economically penalized; otherwise, they obtain a profit. Continuous improvement for the grid is needed to keep the losses within reasonable limits. Companies invest in projects that are dedicated to reducing losses and keep them under control. Literature review states that load balancing is considered a critical issue in minimizing these losses. Feeder automation becomes much simple and more reliable due to the rapid penetration of artificial intelligence, smart grids, and telecommunication in the power system. This work shows that automated feeder reconfiguration is technically advantageous and economical for both customers and utilities. A case study from Irbid District Electricity Company (IDECO) is presented. The losses are reduced by around 253 JDs/year by balancing the loads over a specific three-phase feeder using smart meters' installation. A mathematical model for three-phase balancing is formulated using many heuristic techniques and an optimized neural network (ONN). These model integrations are established using CYME load flow software, MATLAB/Simulink, and C programming language.