Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)

A 50-year-old male presented for a Whipple's procedure to excise a pancreatic lesion. Massive transfusion of packed cells and fresh frozen plasma was required. Towards the end of the procedure, the patient developed sudden onset of frank pulmonary oedema and hypotension. A presumptive diagnosis of transfusion related lung injury was made after prompt investigations excluded circulatory overload or cardiogenic shock as the cause. This case report describes an increasingly common and life-threatening sequela of blood product transfusion, the management of which is complicated by the current lack of specific diagnostic tests.