Real-time control of load cell based two-wheel balancing robot using PID controller

In this study, real-time application of load cell-based two-wheel balancing robot (TWBR) has been realized. The control of the system is provided by the PID controller with four load cells placed on the two-wheel balancing robot. The analog signals of the weight information coming from the load cell are converted into digital signals with the 24-bit resolution HX711 module. The data converted into digital signals are interpreted through the microprocessor over the synchronous serial communication protocol. The output of the dynamic model of the system can be updated instantly, according to the measured weight information. This process updates the maximum pitch attitude. Thus, the control of the two-wheel balancing robot is facilitated and the risk of the user falling off the vehicle is reduced. The control of the system is carried out using an ARM architecture based STM32F103C8T6 microprocessor. Current values and motor rotation speed information of the Brushless Direct Current Motor (BLDC) are obtained during the real time application of the vehicle. In addition, 12 different data are recorded on the SD card with using the SD card module. As a result of the data recorded on the card, the correlation value of each load cell is obtained as 0.99 in the repetition test of the load cells. As a result, the measurement error rate of the weight on the two-wheel balancing robot is obtained as 1%.