An improved method for real-time PPP timing and time transfer with broadcast ephemerides

Due to the problem of network communication, it is difficult to ensure the reliability of real-time precise point positioning (PPP) timing/time transfer with real-time precise products. With the continued reduction in the signal-in-space range error, the performance and feasibility of GPS and Galileo PPP timing/time transfer with broadcast ephemeris were analyzed for the first time in real time. Then, we present a smoothing method and time-series decomposition method to reduce the noise and the interpolation error for GPS and Galileo PPP timing\time transfer with broadcast ephemeris in real time. The results show that GPS or Galileo PPP timing with broadcast ephemeris can achieve a 4 x 1 x 10(-14) level at 15 360 s in the current state. The accuracy is about (0.46-0.81) ns and (0.44-0.61) ns for GPS and Galileo PPP time transfer. The frequency stability is at about 7.0 x 1 x 10(-14) and 5.0 x 1 x 10(-14) levels at 15 360 s for GPS and Galileo PPP. It is important to note that by applying our approach, the maximum improvement in frequency stability for GPS and Galileo PPP timing/time transfer is up to 99%. Furthermore, the average accuracy of GPS or Galileo PPP time transfer can achieve approximately 0.3 ns, which is an improvement of up to 67.3% compared to the traditional method.