Design and validation of an instrument to know motivations and causes of delay in the retirement age of university professors

The objective of the article is to account for the process of construction and validation of an instrument designed to know the motivations and causes for which university academics in Chile, having retired or not, delay the start of the retirement stage. For these purposes, a questionnaire composed of 62 items was constructed, grouped into seven sub-dimensions. This questionnaire has been answered by 94 university academics between 55 and 74 years old, from 18 universities in 7 regions of the country. Within the validation process, an exploratory factor analysis was carried out, yielding 5 factors that explain the delay in the retirement process. The consistency results were obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficients and KR-20, giving a reliability of 0.70. It can be concluded that the instrument turns out to be valid and reliable. The results allow us to have an instrument to know the motivations and causes for which Chilean university academics are delaying their retirement stage. It can be concluded that said delay is mainly due to vocational, economic and legal factors.