Visualized Cues for Enhancing Spatial Ability Training in Virtual Reality

There is a growing research interest in training spatial ability in Virtual Reality (VR), which could provide a fully interactive learning environment. However, existing spatial ability VR training systems lack cues to assist mental rotation and visualization. Learners may suffer from insufficient assistance to discover spatial reasoning rules in the training process. The aims of most visual cues for pedagogical purposes are to draw the viewer's attention, which can not meet the requirements of spatial training tasks. To address this issue, we propose three cues for learners to succeed in spatial tasks: color, rotation path, and circle. These visual cues provide supplementary spatial information and just-in-time explanations. They help distinguish the different parts of the solid, visualize the spatial information like rotation and direction, and emphasize the key points to solve the problems.