Current regulations for the production of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells for clinical application

In this review, the appropriate legislation on the expansion of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in Europe is described. The collection of cells and the manufacturing of MSCs are being regulated by European Directives (EUDs). Recently, the Regulation on Advanced Therapies Medicinal Products (ATMPs) is being published, which is of importance for the production of MSCs in Europe, and this legislation is not yet ready, but it is in its final stage. MSCs are currently being used in clinical trials, mostly in academic hospitals, for patients suffering from a wide variety of diseases. Companies (small and medium-sized enterprises) are becoming more and more involved in the production of MSCs for human use, and since marketing authorisation is the scope of the Regulation it was decided to install a Committee on Advanced Therapies (CAT) within European Medicines Agency (EMEA). This CAT will formulate a draft opinion on quality, safety and efficacy of ATMPs and will have an advisory and scientific role for the Committee for Medicinal Products for human use. The aim of this review is to outline the current legislation which is important for the manufacturing of MSCs.